![]() Transfusion transmitted infection, such as hepatitis, from blood transfusions that are given as treatment.Joint damage from haemarthrosis (haemophilic arthropathy), potentially with severe pain, disfigurement, and even destruction of the joint and development of debilitating arthritis.deep-muscle bleeding, leading to swelling, numbness or pain of a limb. Complications may arise from the disease itself or from its treatment:.Severe complications are much more common in cases of severe and moderate haemophilia.What Are the Complications Associated with Hemophilia? Bleeding into soft tissues such as muscles and subcutaneous tissues is less severe but can lead to damage and requires treatment.If not treated promptly, joint bleeds can lead to permanent joint damage and disfigurement. This is most common with severe haemophiliacs and can occur spontaneously (without evident trauma).The most characteristic type of internal bleed is a joint bleed where blood enters into the joint spaces.Internal bleeding is common in people with severe haemophilia and some individuals with moderate haemophilia. In both haemophilia A and B, there is spontaneous bleeding but a normal bleeding time, normal prothrombin time, normal thrombin time, but prolonged partial thromboplastin time.In cases of moderate haemophilia symptoms are variable which manifest along a spectrum between severe and mild forms.People with more severe haemophilia suffer more severe and more frequent bleeds, while people with mild haemophilia usually suffer more minor symptoms except after surgery or serious trauma.In general symptoms are internal or external bleeding episodes, which are called "bleeds". Characteristic symptoms vary with severity.Spontaneous bleeding can cause the following:.In children with hemophilia, these symptoms may occur around age 2.People with a severe deficiency may bleed for no reason. ![]() People with a mild deficiency may bleed in the case of trauma.For a female carrier, there are four possible outcomes for each pregnancy:.Hemophilia can occur in daughters, but is rare.She can pass the gene on to her children. A daughter who inherits an X chromosome that contains the gene for hemophilia is called a carrier. ![]() But because daughters have two X chromosomes, even if they inherit the hemophilia gene from their mother, most likely they will inherit a healthy X chromosome from their father and not have hemophilia. ![]() It also means that fathers cannot pass hemophilia on to their sons. That means if a son inherits an X chromosome carrying hemophilia from his mother, he will have hemophilia. Males inherit an X chromosome from their mother and a Y chromosome from their father (XY). * Females inherit two X chromosomes, one from their mother and one from their father (XX). Hemophilia is inherited in an X-linked recessive manner. The gene for hemophilia is carried on the X chromosome.
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